Although there are regrettable, but in general terms or satisfied with the things of the world could not have been perfect.
My travels to harvest this time Egypt.
First, followed by Egypt together before Ramadan, one day only eat two meal natural weight loss, back everyone says I lost.
Second, environmental changes can stimulate human potential.
Previously I have is with the group play, always depend on others, but by this time a man walked half leg, I feel confidence in the future free line should be no problem.
Third, my English has improved, originally dozen years do not have English basically does not say, but in Egypt are communicate in English, I'm from one word to say, to be able to say words to express their ideas.
Fourth, I know the Egypt of the digits.
But this time line is a bit of a rush to prepare for Egypt was insufficient, has this experience after the free line ready to do a better balanced and more careful.
Here I've missed spots also complement to write to you.
Cairo I didn't visit the solar boat Museum, solar boat Museum (Solar Boats of Cheops) in the exhibition are from hufu tomb excavated wood Sun boat. Solar boat is specifically manufactured for Pharaoh ascended to heaven when you follow the Sun across the sky ride. At the bottom, Khufu revealed five placing solar boat in the pits, three of which are empty. 1954, and in 1987, from the other two pits were excavated in the vessels have been dismantled but 2 well-preserved Syria Cedar vessel. With a length of 43 meters, 4600 year history of the solar boat have been copied, placed in the Sun on the boat Museum.
Alexander's biggest regret is not going to see the library of Alexandria.
Alexandria Library was the Sun of human civilization, which together with the lighthouse of Alexandria, Alexandria the achievements of the most high representative. The library was founded in the 3rd century b.c., 0 years ago exactly what it look like, but no one knows. Today only sporadic from historical documents recorded in understanding, because it's not even a real also left no stones; whereas a large number of archaeological clues seem to have no conclusive. People only know the Alexandria library built in 259 BC. Then Chinese bamboo prevalence is about; Lao, Confucius, Cambridge University Press ideas began to spread across the ages. The Ptolemy II King of Uki Mandia, grave made him stay in Taku saying: "I see this project of such magnitude is desperate. "It was when he took over the matter, and the mood on the library project is a huge surprise. It is said that despite the war, Alexander library collections about 54000 volumes.
I should say that Alexander the great conquered the military, from an objective point of view the further promotion of the East and the economical and cultural exchanges.
After his death, Alexander became the ancient Egypt Ptolemy, the capital of the Kingdom. It is said that originally built for the sole purpose of the library of Alexandria was to "gather worldwide book" and "world knowledge center" dreams, or even ancient kings were taken over by all means: order searching every ship entering the vessel to the port of Alexandria, as long as the discovery books, irrespective of nationality, immediately into the library of Alexandria. There is a legend, and stresses that, at the time of the ancient Greece three tragic writers ' Euripedes, ACE Gallery Ross and Fokker, the original collection of manuscripts and archives of the Athens. Ptolemy III learned that after the incident has set up a plan to manufacture copies as first a deposit to persuade an Athens, it is said that the last loan returned to Greece in was actually a copy of the original, authentic but was sent to the library of Alexandria.
Through a variety of legitimate improper means, Alexandria Library is rapidly becoming the early history of mankind's greatest library: ancient Greece 9 century b.c. poet Homer's all contributed poems, for the first time in the Library copy and translation into Latin; possession including the geometric originally on ancient Greece mathematician Euclid's many authentic originals; back in BC 270 years raises Copernicus Sun and Earth theory of ancient Greece astronomers Aristophanes on the heliocentric theory works; ancient Greece three tragic writers of manuscript authentic; ancient Greece physicians, there is the founder of Western medicine, Hippocrates of authories manuscripts; first Greece man's in the Bible, Old Testament translation of the five canons of Moses; there is also a contribution to medical science of ancient Greece philosophy scientists and scholars to Aristotle Archimedes, and so are your fans remain the copyright.
In addition, at the time of ancient Egypt and the Ptolemaic period many of philosophy, poetry, literature, medicine, religion, ethics and other sciences are a large number of publications in the collection. The zenith is said to have various manuscript collections more than 50 million volumes (Papyrus).
In addition, because the Quartet scholars gathered, ancient Greece geographer, astronomer, mathematician and poet elato color, ancient Greece bibliography home Yaris stark and so many celebrities have served as a Director of the library of Alexandria.
Such as the philosopher Emmanuel Nye, mathematicians, West Germany Mu physicists Archimedes, and so wise sages have taught in this or that or study, the library enjoy "the world's best schools", and in the entire Eastern Mediterranean world spread of civilization for up to 200 to 800 years.
Alexandria Library disappears again full of mysteries.
Nowadays people only know the legend it has destroyed by two fire. The first fire spread more prevalent: 48 years b.c. the Roman Commander Caesar in pharsala battle winner entered Egypt chasing in Pompey, thereby helping the then Queen Cleopatra VII for the throne, and his brother fights set fire to the enemy's fleet and port. The fire spread to the city of Alexandria, who suffers, all the library collections more than half were destroyed.
Since the Islamic religious reasons, on the second destruction of dissemination of the veiled.
About the year 610, Prophet Muhammad began spreading of Islam, in the a.d. 630 years later Islam basic unifies the Arabian Peninsula. The legendary second "fires" in the year 642 years. At that time, the conquest of Egypt-Arab generals to amu and occupied the Alexander. Some scholars have ventured to instruct you want to save those "fire mouth rest" precious books, Amu, had to do with this batch of books and referrals. The answer is clear: If we transfer the contents of the doctrine, that they do not need to exist; if not consistent with the doctrine, that even the wreck. Thus escape the first fire of classics that spared and the sack of hard, be transported to a local Department public bathhouses as fuel to burn, it is said that the whole process lasted about six months.
Now the Alexandria Library in 1995 after reconstruction, the occupying a land area of 4 thousand square meters, it is not only the key construction projects in Egypt, and UNESCO in the world's major research and construction projects, its styling is from 77 countries design optimization.
The ancient library of Alexandria, completely destroyed Egypt's Alexandria University as early as in 1974, the reconstruction of the library, and you want to restore the site as is possible.
But little archaeological study found that makes subsequent renewal Basic is very little information on the lessons of history. It can be said that today the resurrection of the "library of Alexandria" overcame many difficulties, UNESCO, the international community in many countries and Egypt joint cooperation efforts.
First, the library location.
The original Alexandria Library exhibition site whether there can be no review, new Museum exhibition site can only be decided by Egypt. Now the new Museum built in Alexandria waterfront district, close to the seaside Boulevard near the statue of the "Eastern Mediterranean bride". It consists of 3 buildings, the most important, of course, is a curious library, there is another ball Planetarium, the third building is the service building. They face the Eastern Mediterranean, all backed by the University of Alexandria, the scenery beautiful Šafárik, scenery. According to the Egypt of archaeological excavations in 1993, this place was once the ancient Roman civilization era Royal exclusive area.
Determine the design of the new library is also a problem.
It was established in 1989 to world public tender, organized by the United Nations development programme to provide financial assistance. At the bidding of dozens of countries by more than 600 buildings design agencies, Norway, Ghannouchi Tower construction firm's preliminary design plan won by their architects undertake external architecture and interior design. Egypt's Al Mamdouh Hamza El · as Egypt's participation in the design staff.
Because of the Alexandria Library in ancient civilizations to humanity has played a significant, Egypt with special emphasis on reconstruction of the historical factors must be considered.
Some media reports say that Egypt people seem to be hoping its contemporary position of the international community. In fact the architectural firm of design from the initial proposal to finalize, various experts has continued to publish all kinds of advice and dissenting opinions argues, more. Reportedly the last scenario is of course a compromise to the avant-garde to adapt to the characteristics of the 21st century, to be filled with Alexander, Europe, Asia, Africa's exotic cultural ambience of the "history of" harmonious, but also as much as possible conform to and embody the elegance of the historical library of thick.
Library of basic construction in two phases.
The first phase is the Foundation and civil works, especially from Italy of Rodinia · Terry Murphy combined company and Egypt's Arab Contracting companies. Project started in 1995 and 15 may, completed at 31 December 1996, a total of $ 5900 million. It consists of a diameter of up to 160 m as the ancient Roman amphitheatre so inclined, 600 root piles with interval, arranging sequential magnificence, supporting the library Park-type steel-framed glass walls and roof. It is the reading Hall of the library, you can simultaneously accept 2 000 readers. It is said that its architectural art reached a very high standard. The second stage is the library and other buildings, including internal and external decoration and equipment installation. It started on 27 December 1996, a total of $ 1.17 billion. Works by the United Kingdom of Belfort · white di Inc. and Egypt's Arab contractor company.
Modern Alexandria Library total including the main library, youth library, blind library, Museum, Planetarium, handwriting perused Museum, international information studies, repair and maintenance works, conference centres, etc.
In addition it also have some empty places, exhibitions, Opera or other needs to provide various services at any time. Alexandria Library with a total construction area 36770 square meters. A total of 11 floors, a total of 33 m high, so the total available use 85405 square meters. Which book culture activities accounted for 4210 square meters, the technology and technical services for 10860 square meters, international information studies used 3500 square metres, the Conference Center and other ancillary services in establishments occupying 30840 m2.
Today's library meets the modern, there is a heavy sense of history.
It's to sloping Eastern Mediterranean building external circular was said to be both Miss the ancient circular port, and think of the universe. Steel-framed glass roof and roof of the winged lens into the diffusion of light, and as the Sun moves constantly changes. Library of wall consists of 2 m wide and 1 m high stone built, 6300-square stone walls carved with Arabic text, designs, symbols, in addition to music and mathematical symbols, and world cultures of text symbols; these designs are hand-chiseled. The spacious, there are the traditional library.
The last problem is the collection of library books.
Egypt hopes the "resurrection" of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina has become the world's largest library and special collections of rare manuscripts in ancient Egypt and the world famous book. This is a problem in the countries of the world have contributed has been resolved. By the international community to help States, Alexandria Library now with a large number of rare books, books, manuscripts, calligraphy and painting and imaging products. This includes Chinese donation as the General history of China, the Chinese drug encyclopedia "," "very ershisishi collectible books. When it is opened with all kinds of books 20 million volumes (long term objective is reached 800 thousand volumes of books); 1 million pieces of audio-visual materials; rare books and manuscripts, and authentic and 1 million; various maps of the 5 million pieces. In addition also have international Internet, satellite information query and have the computer data cataloging, tubeWylie, retrieval, and other advanced techniques.
Alexandria Library has now become a new landscape of Alexandria.
One has to disappear completely in the face of the Earth, and there is little information available at the library "resurrection" into the image, there is no doubt is the crystallization of international cooperation. Egypt asserts it is "Egypt understand the world of Windows, and the world about Egypt's window," and hope it will become an international cultural exchange between. civilization
Says Alexander library we have to mention the famous "Egypt gaudily after" Cleopatra.
Cleopatra VII (Greek: Κ λ ε ο π ρ α α τ; about 70 before Ζ, December or January 69 years before-about the first 30 years on 12 August) is the ancient Egypt Ptolemy dynasty, the last female Pharaoh. Finally, she let a serpent biting its own to end own and Egypt at the same time. Since then, Egypt has become part of the Roman Empire, until the 5th century collapse of the Western Roman Empire.
Literary or film, she is considered to keep the country from the annexation of the Roman Empire, seduce kaisadadi and his men, and Anthony is called after Egypt brilliant interpreters.
She was born in 69 years b.c., was the rule of the Macedonian dynasty of Egypt. When Alexander the great in establishing an unprecedented vast Empire territory, Egypt gave her a general--Crowe TIK Slovakia · Ptolemy, Crowe, TIK · Ptolemy was then established Egypt history Crowe TIK Slovakia · Ptolemy dynasty. The Cleopatra is Crowe TIK Slovakia · Ptolemy · orrett King's time.
In his father, Cleopatra in accordance with the customs of her mother and brother of (later Crowe TIK Slovakia · Ptolemy XIII) man and wife, and they shared power.
Ambitions of great Cleopatra would like to further get more rights, but at that time, the two Ministers Kaposi new and Oak Ridge Fabian unite against her, she got her Syria, where the mobilization of the armed forces, ready to use force for Egypt to the throne.
At this point, Gaius Julius Caesar · Julian · to Egypt chasing in Pompey, Crowe, TIK · Ptolemy XIII of his Bo di North will Pompey killed and his head to Gaius Julius Caesar · Julian · to seek him, want to take advantage of Gaius Julius Caesar · Julian · to drop his sister Cleopatra.
But this move did not let him get Gaius · Julian · Caesar's favor. While Cleopatra also would like to take this opportunity to take advantage of Gaius Julius Caesar · Julian · help her win the throne, he lives his subordinate dressed up as a merchant, you will own a bed large wrapped in a blanket, businessmen to Gaius · Julian · Caesar's request for Gaius · Julian · Caesar, she came from a blanket inside, and Gaius · Julian · Caesar met. When Cleopatra is young, beautiful, she uses her beauty and wisdom, Gaius Julius Caesar · Julian · Thrall, Gaius · Julian · Caesar ordered implementation of Cleopatra's father's will, by Cleopatra and Crowe TIK Slovakia · Ptolemy XIII with power.
Subsequently, the launch of new, Kaposi, rebellion after the rebels were killed, Crowe, TIK · Ptolemy XIII in flight when daisies.
Gaius · Julian · Caesar conquered Egypt, but not the Egypt of the Roman territory. Since then, Cleopatra and Gaius · Julian · Caesar lived together, and had a son named Gaius Julius Caesar · Julian · Lynn, meaning "small, Gaius Julius Caesar · Julian ·." At the same time, Gaius · Julian · Caesar restored Cleopatra's throne.
44 years b.c., Gaius Julius Caesar · Julian · assassination.
Cleopatra pathetic has fled from Roman Egypt. At this point in Rome, Gaius · Julian · Caesar's adopted son Octavian and subordinate Mark · Anthony suppressed the revolt of Rome, two people divided the spheres of influence. Octavian ruled Western, Anthony then ruled the Eastern. Anthony in attack on the Sabbath when communications Cleopatra to Tarsus, want access to the wealth of Egypt to solve the problem of military supplies.
Cleopatra is riding the Golden ship, wearing gorgeous came to Tarsus interview Anthony.
Her beauty also Anthony to conquer, two people living together in Tarsus for 12 years, Cleopatra and Anthony have three children. The Queen has successfully survived her throne and the Kingdom of Egypt.
In addition to nearby Pompeii-hole El · Al-sukha method (Kom el--Shuqafa) Tomb, Alexander's Roman Theatre.
The Roman Theatre, built in the 2nd century a.d., there are 14 rows of white marble seats, some can accommodate 800 spectators, performance venues before the passage of the mosaic floor also faintly visible. This used to be an indoor theatre, a circle of the roof, but now only remnants of several pillars. Now here are often staged taken from Egypt or the legend of Opera Greece.
Earlier I mentioned like to climb Mount Sinai, and here I will introduce the Sinai mountain.
Sinai also called Mo XI Shan (Mount Moses), located in the Sinai Peninsula 2285 meters above sea level in the Middle, is the Christian holy mountain, Christian believers devoted to refer to it as "God" Pizzo (The Holy Peak).
According to the Bible, the God of one of the twelve apostles, to lead the people of Israel Moses fled Egypt, across the Red Sea, to the Sinai, Sinai, God when Moses "ten commandments", that is, God's people must adhere to the ten commandments, including not murder, do not commit adultery, not stealing, not just for the sake of others ' property.
Sinai built in memory of Moses accepting God's commandments (Chapel) of the temple, the temple was founded in the year 532 years after repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt several times, the temple was built in 1934, but the stone is still at the beginning of the year 532 Perkins of stone. Located at the foot of the world's most famous Monastery-St. Catherine's monastery (St.Catherine Monastery), the 1400 years ago, despite of the convent, still honeymoon worshipping, every year thousands of pilgrims and tourists come here on pilgrimage, tour.
Pilgrimage to Mount Sinai is a start on 6 se
JI is: midnight starting from Dahab, 1.5 hours after arriving at the foot of the St. Catherine monastery, and began to climb the holy mountain, climbing Mount Sinai's journey with the hillside snaking, built in the 19th century road, 8 km long, has a grade level. Reached the top of the Hill after pilgrimage Temple, watching the sunrise. Due to the high peak altitude and the temperature is very low, before starting to bring enough clothes, or you can take a camel to rent US $ 20 up the Hill. The monastery is located in the St. Catherine West thoroughfare on the Sinai Peninsula that Moses foothills Sinai mountains (Mount Moses) feet, is 4 to 6 century to Sinai refuge ascetic monk who died for the faith, to commemorate the girl Catherine built. Sinai Peninsula has always been the strategic military strategist. From the 6th century a.d., the Sinai after war, but the St. Catherine's monastery was intact. Whether in the Arab invasion, crusade, or in the Ottoman Empire domination, aggression, and even when Napoleon in Israel during the occupation, the convent is not compromised, become the most prestigious monasteries in the world.
Monastery is very large, and he is like an ancient castle.
The main church of the monastery is a rectangular limestone building, the Church entrance doors taken from Lebanon cedar, door there are animals, flowers and leaves, is a masterpiece of Byzantine artists. The Greek inscription on the door wrote: "this is the way to the door of the Justice of God, will be here. "In addition to the main church, convent also save a lot of precious cultural relics, such as amplitude Sint art collection 2000, including Greece, Turkey, Arabic, Persian, Latin text, and Armenia, Coptic texts, 12 languages of nearly 3000 manuscript, including the rare world's oldest Bible translation--a.d. 5 century ancient Syria," Moses the five classics, ancient Caliph and Sudan to Abbey issued proclamations, orders, etc.
It is worth mentioning that there is a monastery in the Special building-1106, a.d., Egypt Fatima dynasty rulers ' Omar ingenuity to send people in convent built a ' Omar mosque, the mosque today is no longer in use, it has become of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, peace symbol, is given a new special value.
Sharm el-Sheikh has a bus direct to Mount Sinai. St. Catherine's monastery tickets: free of charge. Opening hours: 9: 00 ~ 12: 00, Friday, Saturday and Church festivals.
